Clean energy technology synergies and issues

The objective of this report is to provide recommendations for long-term R&D priorities for crosscutting EC funded projects in the energy domain. Nineteen JRC experts analysed synergies and issues of the future energy system in following areas:

•  objectives of Horizon 2020 projects were compared with national and international projects;
• key energy technologies for a cost-effective energy transition using the energy system model JRC-EU-TIMES;
• development trends of LCEO technologies with regard to their potential to provide grid support services; and
• R&D synergies between LCEO technologies to accelerate development and use research budgets efficiently

Key enabling technologies for R&D areas to achieve cost reductions

From today up to 2050, additional investments to transition from a baseline to a low carbon or carbon neutral system are following seven technologies that are in the top-10 of each scenario:

1. Hydrogen vehicles
2. Wind
3. Solar
4. Hydrogen production
5. Heat pumps
6. Electric vehicles
7. District heating

For a zero carbon scenario, following three technologies are to be added:

1. Biofuel production (with reuse of all carbon)
2. Fuel cells
3. Direct Air Capture

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